Controller

๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•œ Mapping ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์ €์žฅ๋˜๋Š” ํด๋ž˜์Šค. ( ๋กœ์ง์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹ด๋‹น )

์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ํ• ์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ์—ญํ• ๋กœ ์ผ์ข…์˜ Model๊ณผ View์˜ Proxy์—ญํ• 

jsp๋‚˜ ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฌผ์„ ํŠน์ • ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ์‹œ์ผœ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ api์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ํŠน์ • ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ์—ญํ• 

์–ด๋…ธํ…Œ์ด์…˜

@Controller

ํ•ด๋‹น ํด๋ž˜์Šค๋ฅผ controller๋กœ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ์–ด๋…ธํ…Œ์ด์…˜

@RequestMapping

ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์š”์ฒญ(request)์ด ๋“ค์–ด์™”์„๋•Œ ์–ด๋–ค ์š”์ฒญ(uri)์ธ์ง€ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์–ด๋…ธํ…Œ์ด์…˜

์ฃผ๋กœ ํด๋ž˜์Šค ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ

์†์„ฑ

  • name : Request๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋ฉด value์™€ ๊ฐ™์•„ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋‚˜, name์€ ํฐํ‹€๋กœ ์„ ์–ธํ•˜๊ณ  value๋กœ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ •

    @Controller
    @RequestMapping("store")
    public class ItemController {
    
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping(value = "/item")
        public String getItemName(){
    
        }
    }
  • value / path : uri path์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์–ด๋–ค ํ•จ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‹คํ–‰ํ• ์ง€ Mapping์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฐ’

    @RequestMapping(value = "/api/item");
  • method : RequestMethod.GET, RequestMethod.POST์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์š”์ฒญ ๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„

  • produces : Response์˜ contentType์„ ์ง€์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

    @RequestMapping(value = "/api/item",produces = "application/json; charset=UTF-8");
    @RequestMapping(value = "/api/item",produces = MediaTypes.HAL_JSON_VALUE);
  • params : Request์˜ ์š”์ฒญ uri ํŒŒ๋ผ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ

    • @PathVariable : uri path๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•จ

        ```java
        @Controller
        @RequestMapping("store")
        public class ItemController {
      
            @ResponseBody
            @RequestMapping(value = "/item/{name}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
            public String getItemName(
                @PathVariable("name") String name){
                    return name;
                }
            }
        ```
        ์œ„์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด {name}์„ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์–ด๋…ธํ…Œ์ด์…˜์ด์ง€๋งŒ, `@RequestMapping(value="/{id}")`์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ํŠน์ • ๊ฒฝ๋กœ ์—†์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์ž.
      • @RequestParam : /store/item?name=pencil๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š” uri์˜ query string์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์–ด๋…ธํ…Œ์ด์…˜

          @Controller
          @RequestMapping("store")
          public class ItemController {
        
              @ResponseBody
              @RequestMapping(value = "/item", method = RequestMethod.GET)
              public String getItemName(
                  @RequestParam("name") String name){
                      return name;
                  }
              }
  • consumes : request body์— ์ €์žฅํ•  ํƒ€์ž…์„ ์ œํ•œ

        @RequestMapping(value = "/api/item",consumes = "application/json");

GetMapping, PostMapping, DeleteMapping, PutMapping ..

@RequestMapping์— ํŠน์ • method ๊ณ ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„ ์–ธ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋…ธํ…Œ์ด์…˜์ด๋‹ค.

๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ํŠน์ก ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด๋„ ํด๋ž˜์Šค์˜ RequestMapping์„ ์ฃผ์ž…๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค.

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/api/events", produces = "application/hal+json; charset=UTF-8")
public class EventController {

    @PostMapping
    public ResponseEntity createEvent(@RequestBody Event event){
        URI createdUri = linkTo(EventController.class).slash("{id}").toUri();
        event.setId(10);
        return ResponseEntity.created(createdUri).body(event);
    }
}

@ResponseBody, @RequestBody

๋น„๋™๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ (View๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ถœ๋ ฅ์ด ๋˜์ง€์•Š๊ณ  http body์— ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ง์ ‘ ์จ์„œ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ)

HTTP BODY์— ์ง์ ‘๋ฐ˜ํ™˜. ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ์—”์ง„์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ „์†กํ•˜๋ผ๋Š” ์–ด๋…ธํ…Œ์ด์…˜.

viewResolver๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ HttpMessageConverter๊ฐ€ ๋™์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, String์ด๋ฉด StringConverter๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์ฒด์ด๋ฉด JsonConverter๊ฐ€ ๋™์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ default๋Š” ๊ฐ์ฒด๋ฅผ jsonํ˜•์‹์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ ์‘๋‹ต.

ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ์˜ HTTP Acceptํ—ค๋”์™€ ์„œ๋ฒ„์˜ ์ปจํŠธ๋กค๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜ ํƒ€์ž… ์ •๋ณด ๋‘˜์„ ์กฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜๋ฐฉ์‹ ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •

๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ์˜ ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜ ๊ฐ’์ด HTTP Response/Request body์— ์ง์ ‘ ์ง๋ ฌํ™” ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ์„ Spring์— ์•Œ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค.

HttpMessageConverter๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์—ฌ ํŠน์ • ํ˜•ํƒœ(json,xml..)๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์˜จ ์š”์ฒญ ๊ฐ’์„ ์ž๋ฐ” ๊ฐ์ฒด๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‘๋‹ต์„ ํŠน์ • ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค.

HttpMessageConverter

Spring์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ @EnableWebMvc๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์„œ WebMvcConfigurer์„ ๊ตฌํ˜„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.

  • ByteArrayHttpMessageConverter โ€“ ๋ฐ”์ดํŠธ ๋ฐฐ์—ด ๋ณ€ํ™˜

  • StringHttpMessageConverter โ€“ ๋ฌธ์ž์—ด ๋ณ€ํ™˜

  • ResourceHttpMessageConverter โ€“ ๋ชจ๋“  ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ์˜ฅํ…Ÿ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด org.springframework.- core.io.Resource ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  • SourceHttpMessageConverter โ€“ javax.xml.transform.Source๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  • FormHttpMessageConverter โ€“ ์–‘์‹ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ MultiValueMap <String, String> ๋กœ /์—์„œ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .

  • Jaxb2RootElementHttpMessageConverter โ€“ Java ๊ฐ์ฒด๋ฅผ XML๋กœ /๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค (JAXB2๊ฐ€ ํด๋ž˜์Šค ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์—์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋งŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋จ).

  • MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter โ€“ JSON ๋ณ€ํ™˜ (Jackson2๊ฐ€ ํด๋ž˜์Šค ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์—์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋งŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋จ)

  • MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter โ€“ JSON ๋ณ€ํ™˜ (Jackson์ด ํด๋ž˜์Šค ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์—์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋งŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋จ)

  • AtomFeedHttpMessageConverter โ€“ Atom ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค (Rome์ด ํด๋ž˜์Šค ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์—์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋งŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋จ).

  • RssChannelHttpMessageConverter โ€“ RSS ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค (Rome์ด ํด๋ž˜์Šค ๊ฒฝ๋กœ์—์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋งŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋จ).

์Šคํ”„๋ง ๋ถ€ํŠธ๋Š” Jackson2ObjectMapperBuilder๋ฅผ JacksonAutoConfigurationํด๋ž˜์Šค์—์„œ ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณ„๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ค์ • ์—†์ด ObjectMapper๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด JSONํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ™˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜์žˆ๋‹ค.

spring-boot-start-web์— jackson-databind๊ฐ€ ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ์˜์กด์„ฑ์ด ์žกํžŒ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

@RestContoller

@ResponseBody๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฉ”์†Œ๋“œ์— ์ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•œ ํšจ๊ณผ

ํด๋ž˜์Šค

ResponseEntity

Spring framwork๋Š” HttpEntity๋ผ๋Š” ํด๋ž˜์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๋Š” response/request์˜ HttpHeader์™€ HttpBody๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ํด๋ž˜์Šค์ด๋‹ค.

HttpEntity๋ฅผ ์ƒ์†๋ฐ›์•„ Response์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ํด๋ž˜์Šค์ด๋‹ค.

status, header, body ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ˆ˜์ •/์‚ฝ์ž…ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‘๋‹ตํ—ค๋”๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค€๋‹ค.

๋ฉ”์„œ๋“œ

  • build() : build ๋‚ด parameter๋กœ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ž…๋ ฅ์„ ์•ˆํ•  ์‹œ null์ธ body์˜ res ๋ฐ˜ํ™˜ํ•œ๋‹ค.

    parameter๋กœ body๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.


Reference

https://www.baeldung.com/spring-httpmessageconverter-rest

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